Radiographic testing vs ultrasonic testing; which one should you choose?
As opposed to destructive testing methods, radiographic testing and ultrasonic test are two non-destructive testings (NDT) methods used to inspect the internal integrity of the weld without destroying the material itself.
While both of these methods test the same thing, namely the quality of the weld, the two testing methods use different approaches.
Read on to know more about radiographic testing vs ultrasonic testing.
What is Radiographic Testing
Radiographic testing assists in evaluating and examining the material for defects, flaws, quality, and structural integrity.
The examination process involves short wavelength electromagnetic radiation (X-rays and gamma rays) penetrating a solid object (such as welds and weld interiors) and then projecting images onto photographic film.
The radiation is then recorded on radiographic film after passing through the component.
Similar to human X-ray pictures, there will be an image of the material’s interior structure.
The resulting images will differ depending on the material’s thickness in different areas, which can vary due to porosity, voids, inclusions, cracks, and other discontinuities.
What is Ultrasonic Testing
Meanwhile, ultrasonic testing uses high-frequency sound waves or mechanical vibrations to examine and measure the test area.
An ultrasonic transducer, pulser or receiver, and display unit are some common apparatus included in an ultrasonic testing method.
Ultrasonic NDT employs a probe to identify surface problems like cracks, as well as internal flaws such as voids or the presence of foreign elements.
Ultrasonic testing is best for inspecting thicker areas that are only accessible from one side.
This technique has been used to evaluate both ferrous and nonferrous materials.
Operators can use ultrasonic testing to pinpoint the exact location of a weld’s discontinuity.
Radiographic Testing vs Ultrasonic Testing: Which is Better?
Radiographic testing is a better approach for detecting discontinuities whose major dimension is perpendicular to the surface (parallel to the direction of radiation), whereas the ultrasonic method is better for detecting discontinuities whose major dimension is parallel to the surface.
The latter also provides greater flexibility by permitting inspection in more directions and, if necessary, using angle probes.
When comparing radiographic testing vs ultrasonic testing, there is undeniably a significant advantage to utilising ultrasonic testing.
However, radiographic testing is a highly-accurate method for detecting porosity, inclusions, cracks, and voids in the inside of welds.
Overall, each testing method has its own set of benefits, and the method you choose may be determined by the type of welds you have, the material type, accessibility, inspection time, costs, available operators, and other considerations.
In the choice between radiographic testing vs ultrasonic testing, be sure to always consult a professional first before making a decision.
Your Expert NDT Solutions Provider
Both radiographic testing and ultrasonic testing necessitate a high level of technical understanding to provide accurate readings and field safety.
At Xpert Engineering, we provide just that and much more with our best-of-class NDT services.
Contact our responsive team to know more about the comprehensive suite of services we offer.